how to punctuate quotes with citations
Providing direct quotations of less than forty words for quotes with more than forty words use block quotations. When you cite a source and you put an in-text citation at the end of your sentence the punctuation usually a period goes AFTER the final parenthesis in the citation.
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Similar to a question mark when a quote has an exclamation mark the quotation marks should go after the exclamation point.
. The MLA states that punctuation marks such as periods commas and semicolons should go after the parenthetical citation. Punctuate the quoted material with a period before the parenthetical citation with no ending punctuation after the parentheses. Double-space the block quote.
Punctuation marks such as periods commas and semicolons should appear after the parenthetical citation. At the beginning of Moby-Dick the narrator says Call me Ishmael. If the quotation includes citations see Section 832 of the Publication Manual.
Block quotes are identical in APA and MLA. Punctuation with quotations gives many people problems. Here you look at the proper punctuation for statements in quotations with and without speaker tags.
If the quote appears on a single page use p. The final period or comma goes inside the quotation marks even if it is not a part of the quoted material unless. Also curved quote marks are preferred over straight ones.
Question marks and exclamation points should appear within the quotation marks if they are a part of the quoted passage but after the parenthetical citation if they are a part of your text. Place commas periods exclamation marks and question marks inside quotation marks. If the introductory phrase is not a complete sentence use a comma before the quote.
If the quote follows an independent clause a complete sentence use a colon. Quotation marks always come in pairs. If the quote fits into the sentence syntactically don.
Using Block Quotes. Indent the extract half an inch from the left margin as you would any block quotation. Direct quotations involve incorporating another persons exact words into your own writing.
Punctuation keeps sense on the rails Truss 2003. You can use single inverted commas or double quotation marks. To cite a direct quote in APA you must include the authors last name the year and a page number all separated by commas.
If the quotation precedes the narrative citation put the page number or location information after the year and a comma. There is also no punctuation between the authors last name and the page number inside of the parentheses. Begin the block quote on a new line.
In most literature essays its better to use shorter quotations in a precise way rather than write out very long quotations. If the citation appears at the end of a sentence put the end punctuation after the closing parenthesis for the citation. This is how Moby-Dick begins.
Indent each line of the block quote by ½ inch. Citing a quote in APA Style. A colon or semicolon is placed outside the quotation marks regardless of whether or not it exists.
This is a straight quote mark. In other words nest punctuation within punctuation and alternate to disambiguate. Punctuation Rules for Quotation Marks.
Where a parenthetical citation eg in authordate style appears immediately after the quote the punctuation follows it in UK or US style. Precedents become settled Balkin 2011. Capitalize the first letter of a direct quote when the quoted material is a complete sentence.
If the quotation enclosed in single marks also contains materialwhether another quotation or the title of a workthat needs to be set off with quotation marks use double quotation marks around that material. Note that there is no punctuation indicating the end of a sentence inside of the quotation marksclosing punctuation should instead follow the parentheses. An APA in-text citation can be parenthetical or narrative.
Punctuation marks such as periods and commas are placed after the citation not within the quotation marks. Lamarr said The case is far from over and we will win. The MLA states that punctuation marks such as periods commas and semicolons should go after the parenthetical citation.
Do not enclose the direct quote in quotation marks. When quoting dialogue from a novel set the quotation off from your text as a block if each characters speech starts on a new line in the source. Place commas periods exclamation marks and question marks inside quotation marks.
For quotations that are more than four lines of prose or three lines of verse place quotations in a free-standing block of text and omit quotation marks. Your sentence with citation should look like this. Do not open a quotation and fail to close it at the end of the quoted material.
If the sentence does have an exclamation point but the quote does not then the exclamation point goes outside of the quotation marks. Punctuation of Quotations 1. Punctuation keeps sense on the rails Truss 2003.
If a characters speech runs onto a new line as it does below indent each line of dialogue an additional half an inch. Due to their cleaner less-cluttered appearance single typographers quotation marks are preferred to signify a quotation instead of double quote marks. Punctuating with citations.
All other punctuation marks are placed outside quotation marks. All other punctuation marks are placed outside quotation marks. If it spans a page range use pp.
In displayed quotes there are typically no quote marks to interfere with the closing punctuation. The misplacement of these simple punctuation marks is one of the most common errors students. Punctuating with citations.
The pattern is double single double quotation marks. If there are quotation marks within a quote of less than forty words change.
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